Preoperative Oral Heptaminol Hydrochloride in Preventing Hypotension After Spinal Anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria

• •Patient refusal.
• •History of hypertension, cardiovascular \[disorders of the heart and blood vessels and including coronary heart disease, rheumatic heart disease and other conditions\], and cerebrovascular diseases \[conditions that affect blood flow and the blood vessels in the brain. Problems with blood flow may occur from blood vessel narrowing (stenosis), clot formation (thrombosis), artery blockage (embolism), or blood vessel rupture (hemorrhage)\].
• •Baseline SBP \>160 mm Hg before administration of the drug.
• •Any contraindications to spinal anesthesia such as coagulopathy, local skin infection, swelling, trauma, or deformity.
• •Medical conditions, which release vasoconstrictors such as pheochromocytoma.
• •Patients taking vasoconstrictors or uncorrected tachyarrhythmia.
• •History of drug allergy.
• •Psychiatric, neuromuscular disorder, major systemic diseases.
• •Pregnancy or lactating women.
• •Inadequate effect of spinal anesthesia or supplemented with other types of anesthesia.