The ALA, DHA and EPA Esters in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Supplementation of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (EFAs) in patients is recommended by cardiological, diabetic, hypertensive and gynecological societies. The project aims to demonstrate the benefits of following these recommendations in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the adult group. Most of the research focuses only on EPA and DHA fractions, while in view of the publications on the health-promoting properties of the ALA fraction, which is the only one that is only exogenous and has clear anti-inflammatory properties, in the project we also want to compare the benefits of supplementation of esters of individual EFA fractions. We intend to conduct a clinical trial with a control sample and 3 study groups randomly assigned to each group. The groups will consist of 50 people, which means that the research project will involve 200 people in total. The control group will be a group without EFA supplementation, the first experimental group will receive supplementation with pure ALA fraction of EFAs esters, the second experimental group will receive supplementation of the EPA and DHA fraction of EFAs esters, and the third experimental group will receive supplementation of the ALA, EPA and DHA fraction of EFAs esters. All participants will have laboratory tests marking: CRP, fasting glucose, lipid profile, total blood count, and additional tests, which will include blood pressure measurements and measurements of body mass and composition on a specialized body composition analyzer (InBody 270). All the above-mentioned tests will be performed at the time of joining the research program, after 3 months (in the middle of the research program) and after 6 months (at the end of the research program). The aim of the study is to determine whether the supplementation of the ALA fraction esters of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids is as important as the supplementation of their EPA and DHA fraction esters, and whether it brings additional unique benefits related to its pronounced anti-inflammatory properties. This comparison is particularly important in the group of adults, as early and effective intervention may contribute to improving health, quality of life, increasing life expectancy and reducing treatment costs, and cardiovascular diseases as lifestyle diseases are one of the most common in the world and concern younger and younger people. The project's feasibility is assessed positively as the project has significant scientific potential. The discussed topic is up-to-date and the size of the studied group guarantees reliable results and gathering such a group remains possible. The importance of using EFAs in medicine is constantly increasing, and research using them gives promising results.