The Effects of Short-term Scapular Control Training in Overhead Athletes With Shoulder Impingement Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria

• •1. perform overhead exercise at least 4 hours a week
• •2. present type I or II scapular dyskinesis at rest or moving
• •3. pain at least two weeks
• •4. 3 of 6 impingement test present positive
• •* Neer's impingement test: arm abduction overhead with shoulder internal rotation and thumb downward. If feel pain, then positive.
• •* Hawkins-Kennedy impingement Test: arm lift to horizontal plane, elbow flexion to 90 degree. Tester put force on forearm toward shoulder internal rotation. If feel pain, then positive.
• •* Empty can test: shoulder abduction with thumb down, then give a resistive force toward up. If feel pain, then positive.
• •* Resistive shoulder external rotation test: elbow flexion to 90 degrees and do resistive shoulder rotation. If feel pain, then positive.
• •* Rotator cuff tenderness test: tester put pressure on rotator cuff. If feel pain, then positive.
• •* Painful arc: perform arm elevation. If feel pain during movement, then positive.
• •1. perform overhead exercise at least 4 hours a week
• •2. no any symptoms or injuries on shoulder and neck