Graded Motor Imagery and Task-Oriented Exercise in Shoulder Impingement

This study investigates the effects of graded motor imagery (GMI) and task-oriented exercise training on individuals diagnosed with shoulder impingement syndrome. Shoulder impingement is a common musculoskeletal problem that leads to pain, restricted mobility, reduced muscle strength, proprioceptive deficits, and functional limitations. Conventional physiotherapy approaches may not always be sufficient to address the complex sensorimotor deficits associated with this condition. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate whether GMI or task-oriented exercise programs can provide additional therapeutic benefits beyond standard physiotherapy. A total of 66 participants, aged 25 to 65 years, who meet the diagnostic criteria for shoulder impingement syndrome, will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: Conventional physiotherapy (control group) Graded motor imagery training Task-oriented exercise training All groups will receive standardized electrotherapy interventions as part of routine physiotherapy. In addition to this standard treatment, the two intervention groups will engage in a 6-week structured program based on either GMI or task-oriented exercises, depending on group allocation. Outcome measures will include pain intensity, shoulder range of motion, muscle strength, proprioception, functional level, kinesiophobia, laterality recognition, movement imagery ability, and patient satisfaction. All assessments will be conducted before and after the 6-week intervention by the same physiotherapist to ensure consistency. The purpose of this study is to determine whether GMI or task-oriented exercise training offers superior improvements in pain, motor performance, proprioceptive control, and functional outcomes when compared with conventional physiotherapy alone. The findings are expected to contribute to evidence-based rehabilitation practices and provide clinicians with additional strategies for managing shoulder impingement syndrome.