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Showing 1-20 of 55 trials
NCT07601503
This study evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of in-line chlorination (ILC) for improving drinking water quality in rural Nigeria. Unsafe drinking water remains a major contributor to diarrheal disease, particularly among children under five. Inline chlorination is a passive water treatment approach that automatically doses chlorine at community water systems without requiring electricity or daily user action. Two cluster randomized controlled trials will be conducted in Kano State (North-West Nigeria) and Cross River State (South-South Nigeria). Communities will be randomized to either receive in-line chlorination installed at eligible communal water systems or serve as controls with no chlorination. The unit of randomization is a community or a cluster of communities that share water system for drinking water. The primary objective is to estimate the causal impact of in-line chlorination on household drinking water quality. Outcomes include the prevalence of Escherichia coli contamination in tap water and stored household water as well as the presence of free chlorine residual. Secondary objectives assess water source usage and adoption of chlorinated sources, as well as reduction in diarrheal disease. Implementation fidelity and operational performance of chlorination devices will also be monitored.
NCT06149715
This study measures effects of water filters and filter types on household health in Ciudad Victoria, Mexico.
NCT07464002
Social relevance: For 30 years, people have been confused about how much plain water to drink. Over 30 years, health professionals have criticized media advice to drink 8 glasses of water per day, citing lack of evidence (Valtin et al, 2002; Yamada et al, 2022). Health authorities have not set drinking water-specific recommendations, assuming 1) that any or all types of drinks hydrate equivalently, i.e. that people do not need to drink plain water to replace lost body water, and 2) the average healthy person can rely on thirst as guide for water intake. The lack of drinking water-specific recommendations significantly impacts daily lives because it translates into limited or no support for drinking water in public health services, laws, and retail options. Scientific relevance: Thirst is considered the primary driver of water intake and main defense against body water deficit in healthy young adults (IOM, 2005). Health authorities set total water intake recommendations for the average healthy man and woman (e.g. 2.5 L/d for men and 2.0 L/d for women in Europe) but, additionally, advise people to use thirst as a guide for water intake, recognizing that individual water requirements vary widely (EFSA, 2010; IOM, 2005). Although thirst can be satiated by water intake, it can also be ignored per custom (Greenleaf, 1992) or suppressed by an upward-shifted thirst threshold. The thirst threshold, the set-point where osmoreceptor cells shrink and release their neural or hormonal signal, is a function of the solute concentration or osmolality inside and outside the osmoreceptor cells (Nose et al, 1988a,b). Cells with higher intracellular solute content require a higher external osmolality to shrink. Specific Aims The ultimate goal of this study is to address gaps in the literature about drinking water and check assumptions that limit the development of drinking water-specific recommendations. The study will examine if osmoadaptation to chronic hypertonicity, due to daily intake of hypertonic fluid sources, can explain suppressed thirst in healthy individuals under conditions of daily life. To facilitate causal inference about drinking water effects for long-term health, this study was designed to link experimental data about osmoadaptation at the cellular level with clinical data relevant for conditions of daily life in Salzburg Austria with population-based data about water intake and chronic disease risk in Salzburg Austria. This study will test effects of drinking enough plain water to dilute urine everyday for 4 weeks (about 500 mL 4 times per day in summer). The study will include healthy, normal weight, young, men and women, who all usually meet European adequate intake recommendations for total water intake (TWI), but usually consume less than 1L/d PWI, and have biomarkers of chronic hypertonic stress (concentrated urine and saliva) for 4 consecutive weeks before starting the randomized study.
NCT00947726
We believe that using a ceramide based foot cream two times a day for two weeks will prevent water loss and overall foot dryness in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes.
NCT06984120
Previous studies suggest that increased extravascular lung water might be found in open water swimmers without respiratory symptoms. This study aims to investigate a large number of asymptomatic individuals after an open-water swimming race to assess the prevalence of increased extravascular lung water in asymptomatic open-water swimmers.
NCT06120985
Consumption of unsafe drinking water is associated with a substantial burden of disease globally. In the USA, the burden of disease associated with consumption of contaminated drinking water from non-regulated private wells and springs in rural areas is relatively understudied and unclear. For some lower-income households in rural areas of the USA without access to reliably safe drinking water, point-of-use treatment with relatively low-cost pitcher filters could help to reduce exposures to contaminated water and associated adverse health outcomes. This pilot randomized controlled intervention trial will provide information and data on water quality and contamination exposures, associated health outcomes, and the adoption potential of point-of-use water filters in rural areas of Virginia and Tennessee.
NCT07279792
This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the efficacy of three bladder irrigation solutions - distilled water (DW), normal saline (NS), and hypertonic saline (HS) - as continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) following transurethral resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Short term (6 months) recurrence and progression free survival are mainly evaluated.
NCT05454475
Miniprobe endoscopic ultrasonography (mEUS) is a key diagnostic modality for gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal or submucosal lesions, requiring water infusion to eliminate intraluminal air and improve image clarity. However, the optimal water temperature for sedated mEUS remains uncertain-previous studies suggest water temperature may affect GI peristalsis, haemodynamics, image quality, and patient safety/comfort, but no research has focused on this topic in sedated mEUS. This is a prospective, multicentre, double-blind, randomized controlled study. Eligible patients (≥18 years with GI mucosal/submucosal lesions requiring sedated mEUS) are randomly assigned to three groups based on water temperature: cold water (6-10 °C), warm water (20-24 °C), and hot water (35-39 °C). The primary objectives are to evaluate the effects of different water temperatures on mEUS image quality (standardized scoring) and diagnostic accuracy. Secondary outcomes include GI peristaltic grade, haemodynamic indices (measured at 6 time points), adverse events, and patient somatic/psychological feeling, comfort, and satisfaction scores. The study aims to identify the optimal water temperature that reduces GI peristalsis, improves mEUS diagnostic performance, and ensures patient safety and comfort during sedated mEUS, providing evidence for standardized clinical practice.
NCT07266532
This clinical trial aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical application of Lactobacillus crispatuson the forearm for treating obesity-induced skin barrier impairment in individuals aged 18-45 with BMI ≥25. The study focuses on the following questions: Can topical application of Lactobacillus crispatusreduce skin barrier damage, as measured by transepidermal water loss (TEWL), in obese participants? Does modulation of the skin microbiota with Lactobacillus crispatusimprove skin barrier function, hydration, and reduce local inflammation? Is the topical intervention safe and well-tolerated, with minimal adverse effects? Preliminary data from obese volunteers and mouse models revealed significantly elevated TEWL and reduced Lactobacillusabundance in the skin microbiome of obese individuals, supporting the investigation of probiotic restoration. Researchers will compare outcomes across two groups: Intervention Group (Obese) : Daily topical application of active Lactobacillus crispatussolution (1×10⁷ CFU in 3 mL) to a 3-cm diameter area on both forearms. Placebo Control Group (Obese) : Daily topical application of inactivated Lactobacillus crispatussolution (identical appearance and volume). Participant Procedures: Apply the assigned topical solution daily to the forearm for 4 weeks. Undergo non-invasive skin testing, including TEWL measurements and skin hydration assessments, at baseline and study completion (Week 4). Provide skin swab samples at baseline and Week 4 for microbiome analysis (16S rRNA sequencing) and inflammation marker detection (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α via ELISA). Complete weekly check-ins to report adverse effects (e.g., skin irritation, erythema) and adherence, with follow-ups at Weeks 1, 2, and 3. Maintain a daily electronic or paper diary to record application time, dose, and any skin reactions.
NCT07184905
This clinical trial aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral Bifidobacterium longum supplementation for treating obesity-induced skin barrier impairment in individuals aged 18-40 with BMI ≥30, compared to healthy controls. The study focuses on the following questions: Can oral Bifidobacterium supplementation reduce skin barrier damage (measured by transepidermal water loss/TEWL) in obese participants? Does modulation of gut microbiota with Bifidobacterium longum impact skin barrier function and systemic inflammation? Researchers will compare outcomes across two groups: * Intervention Group (Obese): Oral Bifidobacterium longum capsules * Placebo Control Group (Obese): Oral inactive Bifidobacterium longum (heat-killed) Participant Procedures: Take daily oral capsules (Bifidobacterium longum or inactive strain) for 4 weeks Undergo non-invasive skin testing (TEWL measurements) at baseline and study completion Provide blood, stool, and skin swab samples for inflammation and microbiome analyses Complete weekly check-ins to report adverse effects (e.g., gastrointestinal discomfort, skin irritation)
NCT06327893
Since 2015, all Danish prehospital EMS have used the nationwide Prehospital Electronic Medical Record (PEMR). In 2023, the investigators developed the Danish Drowning Formula (DDF), a text-search algorithm designed to search the unstructured text fields in the electronic medical records with comprehensive search criteria to identify all potential water-related incidents. This protocol describes the first study to analyse the prehospital data from a nationwide Danish cohort of patients treated by the EMS from 2016 to 2023 following non-drowning aquatic rescues.
NCT06310525
The Danish Drowning Formula (DDF) was designed to search the unstructured text fields in the Danish nationwide Prehospital Electronic Medical Record on unrestricted terms with comprehensive search criteria to identify all potential water-related incidents and achieve a high sensitivity. This was important as drowning is a rare occurrence, but it resulted in a low Positive Predictive Value for detecting drowning incidents specifically. This study aims to augment the positive predictive value of the DDF and reduce the temporal demands associated with manual validation.
NCT06449963
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based education program to increase daily water consumption among elderly individuals aged 65 and above. Participants will be divided into two groups; one group will receive HBM-based education, and the other group will not receive any education. The effects of the education program on daily water consumption and dehydration symptoms will be assessed.
NCT06020027
The goal of this clinical trial is to understand if a cultural intervention for Navajo families will improve healthy beverage habits, health outcomes, and family cohesion. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does Water is K'é results in healthier beverage habits among children aged 2 to 5, compared with children in a control group? * Does the intervention improve the health of other family members? * How does the intervention affect family well-being? Participants will take part in a four-month program at the early child education site (such as a Head Start or the Bureau of Indian Affair's Family and Child Education or FACE Program) where the child is enrolled. They will take part in lesson plans, a social media campaign, and a family water access plan. Researchers will compare the participating families with families at wait-list early child educations sites. We will collect information through surveys, health measurements, and qualitative interviews and compare results to learn if Water is K'e improves health behaviors, health outcomes, and family cohesion.
NCT04819334
To determine the effects of a moderate amount of amino acids on the rate of water absorption and availability as a precursor fluid for sweat. Young and healthy (male or female) volunteers will take part in three experimental trials. In each trial, volunteers will be given one of two commercially available sports drinks or a commercially available sport drink with added amino acids in a double-blinded, randomised, crossover design. Each drink will be a single 600 mL bolus. All beverages will be labelled with deuterium (D2O). Trials will be compared for temporal accumulation of deuterium in plasma over the course of 60 minutes. Whole blood measurements of haemoglobin and haematocrit will also be made and plasma volume changes calculated. It is hypothesised that the amino acid trial will increase the rate of fluid absorption.
NCT06706960
The aim of this cross-sectional, descriptive analysis is to compare 3 different ultrasound-based protocols to measure the internal jugular vein pressure (uJVP) in healthy individuals.
NCT06733857
Among the general population, it has been established that plant-based diets confer significant environmental benefits (greenhouse gas emissions, land use, and water use) compared to omnivorous diets. However, sports nutrition recommendations for supporting resistance exercise-induced gains in muscle mass and strength differ substantially from population-level recommendations, especially for protein intake. Therefore the difference in environmental impact between omnivorous and plant-based diets for adults following such recommendations is as yet unknown. A prior analysis found that a high-protein, non-animal-derived diet can support resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength to the same extent as a protein-matched omnivorous diet. These findings align with previous research showing that, in the context of a high-protein diet, the source of protein - whether animal or plant-based - does not affect the rate of resistance exercise-induced gains in muscle mass and strength. The present study therefore plans to retrospectively analyze the diet records from previously published research to determine the difference in environmental impact between the high protein animal-free and omnivorous diets. The findings could highlight the unique difference in environmental impacts between those following high protein plant-based and omnivorous diets.
NCT06322134
Improving oxygenation and ventilation in drowning patients early in the field is critical and may be lifesaving. This may be achieved by helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) such as the Danish Air Ambulance, or the Royal Danish Air Force's Search And Rescue (SAR) helicopters. The SAR operates in all weather conditions and is equipped with a hoist system, able to hoist patients from the sea or small ships without helipads. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of drowning missions attended by the Royal Danish Air Force's SAR helicopter and describe patient characteristics and prehospital interventions.
NCT06042270
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare betaine supplementation to placebo in firefighters undergoing live burn training regarding thermoregulation and inflammation. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does betaine supplementation mitigate rises in core temperature during firefighter live burn training? * Does betaine supplementation decrease inflammation from firefighter training? * Does betaine supplementation increase total body water stores? Participants will supplement with betaine for 1 month and complete: * Total Body Water measures * Body Composition measures * Live Burn training with Core Temperature Measurements * Provide Salivary samples
NCT06570005
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of a novel financial and capacity strengthening intervention (the 'Water Quality Assurance Fund' program) on water safety management in rural Ghana and Kenya. The investigators hypothesize the intervention will improve water system operator knowledge, chlorination practices, and water quality at the point of collection, as well as improve consumer satisfaction, awareness, and willingness-to-pay for water that is tested and treated.