Multicomponent Pain Self-Management in Adults With Haemophilic Arthropathy

This is a superiority, individually randomised, partially nested controlled trial with two parallel groups and a 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants allocated to the experimental arm will receive a structured multicomponent pain self-management programme delivered in three educational cohorts of approximately 11-12 participants. The control group will continue with usual care during the 6-month study period. The intervention will comprise three face-to-face sessions of approximately 60 minutes delivered at 3-4-week intervals. It will integrate education on pain neurobiology and modulation, emotional-regulation training and cognitive-behavioural coping strategies. Content will be specifically adapted to haemophilic arthropathy, including education on distinguishing persistent pain from symptoms suggestive of acute haemarthrosis and a standardised safety pathway for suspected bleeding. Participants in the control group will continue routine haematological follow-up, prescribed haemostatic and analgesic treatment and their usual physical activity, exercise or physiotherapy. Following completion of the 6-month assessment, control participants will be offered the same multicomponent programme. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the third intervention session and at 6 months. The primary outcome will be pain interference assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form. Secondary outcomes will include pain intensity, kinesiophobia, pain catastrophising, anxiety, depressive symptoms, illness perception, health-related quality of life and physical activity.