Frontal Gamma Coherence Neurofeedback for Patients With Schizophrenia

In this preliminary placebo-controlled, double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT), eligible participants will be randomized (block permutation) to either Active frontal coherence gamma neurofeedback (gcoh-NFB, n = 15) or Placebo neurofeedback (placebo-NFB, n = 15). All participants will present in person to Univ. of Ca. San Diego (UCSD) for Baseline assessments of primary and secondary outcome measures, and will receive training on self-administration of gcoh-NFB from home. All participants will be provided with mobile treatment platform, with instructions to practice gcoh-NFB from home twice weekly (30 minutes per session) for 12 weeks (24 sessions total). Study personnel will reach out to patient by phone and video at least weekly to facilitate gcoh-NFB self administration. Staff will be available by phone and video more frequently, as indicated by participant performance or preference. All participants will return to UCSD for midpoint (Week 6, or after 12 sessions) and end-of-treatment (Week 12, or after 24 session) in person assessments of primary and secondary outcome measures, and maintenance or return of mobile treatment platform. For participants randomized to Active gcoh-NFB, mobile treatment platform presents reinforcement signals coupled in real time to target neurobiological features. For participants randomized to Placebo-NFB, mobile treatment platform presents reinforcement signals recorded previously during active gcoh-NFB sessions from other participants.