Multicomponent Prehabilitation in Older Adults With Breast Cancer

This study is a prospective, randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multicomponent prehabilitation program in older adults with breast cancer, incorporating biological characterization to explore predictors of treatment response. The trial will be conducted at the Navarre University Hospital (Pamplona, Spain). A total of 90 ambulatory patients aged 65 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer will be recruited and randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to usual care, a home-based multicomponent exercise program based on the Vivifrail methodology, or a supervised hospital-based intervention. All participants will undergo baseline frailty screening followed by a comprehensive geriatric assessment to characterize functional, cognitive, nutritional, and clinical status. Assessments will be repeated at predefined time points throughout the perioperative period and during follow-up. The intervention is structured into preoperative and postoperative phases and includes individualized multicomponent exercise, nutritional optimization, and targeted management of geriatric syndromes. The hospital-based intervention consists of supervised sessions over six weeks (including a 2-week preoperative phase and a 4-week postoperative phase), while the home-based intervention is adapted to baseline functional status. Clinical, functional, and biological data will be collected longitudinally to evaluate the impact of the intervention and to identify predictors of clinical outcomes and treatment response.