Investigation of the Effects of Pre-Angiography Music Interview and Aromatherapy Application on Pain, Anxiety, Fear, and Comfort Levels in Cardiology Patients

Inclusion Criteria

• •No sedation before or during angiography
• •No diagnosed psychiatric disorder
• •Normal sense of smell
• •No allergy to essential oils used
• •Voluntary participation
• •Scheduled for angiography within 24 hours
• •Independent in activities of daily living
• •Literate (able to read and write)
• •No hearing impairment
• •Able to communicate effectively
• •No respiratory disease (e.g., asthma, COPD)
• •Not using non-pharmacological methods (e.g., yoga, reiki