Tubeless Spontaneous Ventilation Anesthesia in Kidney Transplantation

Inclusion Criteria

• •1. No gender restriction, age 18-65 years (including upper and lower limits).
• •2. First-time recipient of citizen organ donation kidney transplantation.
• •3. Type of citizen organ donation must be Category I China (Donation after Brain Death DBD).
• •4. Donor and recipient blood type identical.
• •5. Panel reactive antibody (PRA) results negative within six months preoperatively.
• •6. Body mass index (BMI) \<28 kg/m².
• •7. No severe pulmonary ventilation or gas exchange dysfunction, preoperative pulmonary function assessment meets kidney transplantation requirements, preoperative chest CT shows no significant abnormalities.
• •8. No severe arrhythmia (frequent atrial fibrillation or ventricular premature beats), normal cardiac function (ejection fraction \> 50%).
• •9. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification ≤ III.
• •10. Voluntarily participate in clinical research, fully understand this study and voluntarily sign the informed consent form, and complete all trial procedures.
• •5. Previous history of mental illness, current psychological assessment does not meet transplantation criteria.
• •6. Other situations where the organ transplant physician assesses the patient as not suitable for transplantation.
• •7. Poor compliance of the recipient or other situations deemed by the researcher as unsuitable for inclusion in the trial.