Carotid Artery Corrected Flow Time and Respiratory Variation of Blood Flow Peak Velocity for Prediction of Hypotension After Induction of General Anaesthesia in Adult Patients With Chronic Liver Disease

Exclusion Criteria

• •• Refusal to participate
• •* Patients with known cardiac disease (e.g., severe valvular disease, congestive heart failure),
• •* pre-existing severe hypotension (e.g., mean arterial pressure \<65 mmHg
• •* emergency surgery
• •* anatomical variations preventing adequate ultrasound visualization of the carotid artery.
• •* Carotid artery stenosis.
• •* Mean arterial pressure (MAP) \> 120 mmHg before anesthesia
• •* any previous record of neck surgery or trauma.
• •* acute renal injury.
• •* oral angiotensin receptor blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI)
• •* lateral, prone, and lithotomy operations
• •* body mass index (BMI) \> 30 kg/m2 or \< 15 kg/m2