Based on the Spatio-temporal Coding Characteristics of Frontotemporal Network, This Paper Explores the Mechanism of Five-tone Speech Training in Reshaping Language Fluency Function.

Exclusion Criteria

• •History of aphasia or neurological disease not caused by stroke (e.g., traumatic brain injury, brain tumor, neurodegenerative diseases)
• •Severe visual or auditory impairments that would interfere with task performance
• •Severe cognitive impairment or disorders of consciousness preventing cooperation with language assessment or intervention
• •Severe dysarthria or apraxia of speech that precludes valid language assessment
• •History of epilepsy or other severe neurological conditions
• •Severe systemic diseases (e.g., severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction, renal failure, hepatic failure, malignancy)
• •Psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, severe depression, or other major psychiatric illnesses)
• •Contraindications to MRI or fNIRS assessment (e.g., metallic implants, severe claustrophobia)