EFFECTS OF SUPERVISED PHYSICAL EXERCISE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY ON MUSCLE MASS AND BONE DENSITY (OBEFIT STUDY)

Introduction Background and rationale Obesity is currently a complex disease that has reached pandemic proportions and affects millions of people worldwide. Bariatric surgery can generate adverse side effects such as loss of bone mineral density, loss of muscle mass, reduction in cardiorespiratory capacity. Therefore, accompanying medical treatment with an individualised physical exercise intervention can generate a multitude of health benefits for the patient. Objectives As main objective the investigators focus on: \- To determine the differences in muscle mass and bone density in patients undergoing bariatric surgery who have undergone a post-operative supervised physical exercise programme and no exercise programme. * To determine the differences in muscle function using the hand grip test. * To determine BMD loss using densitometry. Secondary objectives: * To analyse maximal fat oxidation throughout the whole process from metabolic inflexibility to metabolic flexibility). * To determine differences in body composition. * To determine the resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension (AHT). * To determine the improvement in quality of life by means of an accredited test. Null hypothesis: 1\. There are no differences in muscle mass and bone density in patients who undergo supervised physical exercise postoperatively versus patients who do not exercise. Alternative hypothesis: 1\. There are differences in muscle mass and bone density in patients undergoing supervised physical exercise postoperatively versus non-exercising patients. Trial design The trial will consist of a randomised controlled study of patients currently on the surgical waiting list for bariatric surgery who meet the inclusion criteria until the sample size is completed. Two groups (control and intervention) will be established and will come in waves. Methods Participants, interventions and results Scope of the study The assessment and intervention of the study will take place at the Pablo de Olavide University in Seville. The medical assessment and surgical intervention will be carried out at the General and Digestive System Surgery Management Unit of the Virgen del Rocío University Hospital in Seville.