Lead Sponsor

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Age

40 - 75 years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

Yes

•Healthy individuals aged 40-75 years, diagnosed with idiopathic PD according to the UK Parkinson's Disease Association Brain Bank criteria by a specialist neurologist, with a Modified Hoehn \& Yahr (m-HY) scale stage ≤4, and with a Mini Mental State Examination score of ≥22 for those with training and ≥18 for those without training, and with no known disease, volunteered to participate in the study.
•Individuals with no other known neurological and/or systemic disease
•Individuals without any upper extremity contractures

•Individuals with diagnosed and/or treated psychiatric illnesses who are considered unable to complete the tests.
•Those taking neuroleptic medications or antidepressants.
•Individuals with orthopedic conditions that interfere with manual dexterity tests, such as severe dyskinesia, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendon injuries, or finger amputations; rheumatological conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis; and individuals with any neurological condition other than PD.

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