Effect of Stress Ball Applied During Surgical Debridement/Dressing on Pain, Distress, and Physiological Parameters in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Exclusion Criteria

• •Patients who have a diagnosed psychiatric or mental illness,
• •Regular painkiller use and chronic pain,
• •Visual, hearing, perception, or communication problems,
• •Physically impaired (such as an open wound on the hand or lack of muscle strength to squeeze a stress ball),
• •Decided to undergo an intervention to reduce pain before debridement (such as local anesthesia, nerve blockade, opioid analgesics, etc.),
• •Used non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain before the procedure will not be included in the study.