Efficacy of Visual and Perceptual Training on Visual Function for Operative Congenital Ectopia Lentis Children

Congenital ectopia lentis (CEL) is commonly observed in patients with Marfan syndrome. It is a rare genetic eye disorder caused by abnormal development of the lens zonules, leading to displacement of the lens from its normal anatomical position. In addition to abnormalities in the development of refractive media such as the cornea and lens, these patients may also exhibit abnormalities in the photoreceptive system, including the retina. Furthermore, because patients receive abnormal visual input stimuli during the critical period of visual development, this often leads to the development of amblyopia. Currently, for patients with severe visual impairment due to lens dislocation, the standard treatment involves lens extraction combined with primary intraocular lens implantation. However, for patients with amblyopia following CEL surgery, conventional full-time refractive correction cannot prevent residual amblyopia. Additionally, patients who undergo extracapsular intraocular lens implantation may experience astigmatism due to potential postoperative lens tilt, which can impair visual function and mental health. Visual perceptual training therapy (HVT) is an emerging treatment modality for amblyopia. Studies have shown that compared to traditional refractive correction and occlusion therapy, visual perceptual training therapy offers faster visual acuity improvement, higher compliance, and the ability to enhance binocular visual function. Furthermore, existing research indicates that for patients with anisometropic or small-angle strabismic amblyopia, the efficacy of visual perceptual training combined with refractive correction is superior to refractive correction alone. As a form of visual perceptual training software, web-based visual perceptual training therapy enables patients to complete training at home through game-based activities. It can also adjust training plans based on patients' conditions and training progress, offering personalized treatment plans to improve treatment compliance and patient experience while enabling remote management by hospitals. The meridional perceptual learning module is particularly effective in improving uncorrected visual function related to astigmatism in patients following CEL surgery. However, to date, no studies have focused on the efficacy of visual perceptual training therapy in improving visual function for this specific population of patients with postoperative CEL.