The Efficacy of a Mindfulness-Based Virtual Reality Intervention to Reduce Pain in Postoperative Patients

Study Objective: This study aims to assess the efficacy of a virtual reality (VR)-based mindfulness relaxation intervention in reducing preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain, and the risk of chronic pain two weeks after surgery. Study Design: This is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing two groups: 1. Experimental Group - Participants will receive a VR mindfulness-based relaxation intervention prior to surgery. 2. Control Group - Participants will receive treatment as usual (TAU), with no additional intervention. Intervention: The VR mindfulness-based relaxation program will be administered on the day of hospitalization, one day prior to surgery. The session will last 10-15 minutes and includes: * A guided mindfulness exercise focused on breath awareness and relaxation. * A virtual beach environment designed to enhance calm and reduce anxiety. * A brief debriefing session following the second VR exposure (if applicable). Assessments and Outcome Measures: Structured psychological and pain assessments will be conducted at four time points: 1. Before the intervention (Day 1) 2. Immediately after the intervention (Day 1) 3. After surgery (Day 2) 4. Two weeks after surgery (follow-up) Data Analysis: * A Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) with a mixed design (within-between interaction) will be used to assess differences across multiple dependent variables. * Repeated measures MANOVA will be applied to examine longitudinal changes and interactions between time and group. Expected Impact: This study seeks to determine whether reducing preoperative anxiety through a VR mindfulness intervention improves postoperative pain management and reduces the likelihood of developing chronic pain. If effective, the intervention could be integrated into routine preoperative care protocols to enhance patient outcomes and overall recovery experiences.