Assessment of Pain When Removing Metallic Brackets for Orthodontic Patients Using Two Removal Methods

Inclusion Criteria

• •Patients aged 16 to 25 years,
• •Undergoing orthodontic treatment with MBT prescription 0.022-inch metal brackets with a single-mesh base (Pinnacle®, MBT compatible 0.022, OrthoTechnology™, Florida, USA) who were in the final stage of their treatment and planned for debonding,
• •The brackets bonded with the same bonding cement (Ivoclar Heliosit Orthodontic Adhesive Composite) and the same primer (Ivoclar Vivadent Tetric N-Bond),
• •Absence of debonded brackets at the debonding process,
• •The 0.017 × 0.025-inch stainless steel finishing archwires in their places for at least one month,
• •Good occlusal relationships and strong intercuspation,
• •No recent use of medications such as painkillers or corticosteroids in the last day,
• •Absence of acute or chronic dental pain induced by periodontal/periapical lesions or caries,
• •There is an absence of a history of surgical treatment, including impacted tooth eruption, tooth transplantation, or the presence of mini-screws.