Effect of Preventive Analgesia with Oxycodone and Parecoxib Sodium on the Chronification of Acute Post-operative Pain

Preventive analgesia encompasses a range of analgesic strategies designed to mitigate hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by noxious stimuli by preventing peripheral and intraoperative sensitization to pain. It constitutes a fundamental component of multimodal analgesia. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are presently the most frequently employed agents for preventive analgesia, demonstrating efficacy in reducing the incidence of acute postoperative pain and chronic post-surgical pain. However, the management of acute postoperative pain and chronic post-surgical pain remains suboptimal. κ-opioid receptors are regarded as the primary receptors involved in the transmission of visceral pain, and κ-receptor agonists have been shown to effectively inhibit this transmission. Administering κ-receptor agonists via intravenous infusion either before the conclusion of surgery or postoperatively can substantially mitigate pain during the recovery period. This indicates that κ-receptor agonists possess potential as preventive analgesics. However, there is currently a paucity of high-quality clinical evidence supporting their use in preventive analgesia. Oxycodone functions as a dual agonist of μ-opioid and κ-opioid receptors and is extensively utilized in postoperative analgesia and anesthesia induction. Its safety and efficacy in pain management have been thoroughly validated. Theoretically, the concurrent administration of oxycodone and NSAIDs, which mitigate pain signal transmission through distinct mechanisms, could result in an additive preventive analgesic effect. However, there is currently a paucity of high-quality clinical evidence supporting this hypothesis. Consequently, this study seeks to investigate the effects of the combined administration of oxycodone and NSAIDs as preventive analgesia on the transition of acute postoperative pain to chronic pain in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. The findings aim to contribute clinical evidence and theoretical insights to enhance perioperative pain management strategies.