The effectiveness of the DiSaB intervention implementation at primary care setting amongst participants with long term conditions will be evaluated using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) model.
Secondly, the barriers and facilitators to DiSaB implementation amongst local champions \[e.g., advanced practice nurses (APNs)\] will be determined. Specifically, using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behavior (COM-B) model, the investigators will evaluate the barriers and facilitators towards DiSaB intervention implementation among healthcare professionals.
Third, sequential multiple assignment randomised trial (SMART) study design will also be employed in this study for the development of dynamic treatment regimens (DTRs) tailored for individual needs. The investigators first aim to evaluate the feasibility and compare the efficacy of additional individual intervention (i.e. a health education individual feedback session within 1 - 2 months) vs a smaller group intervention (i.e. health education group sessions over 3 months, once per month) post-standard TYB intervention amongst non-responders, in improving cognitive functions and management of their long-term conditions. Finally, the investigators will compare two embedded DTRs in the SMART, namely, (1) standard TYB followed by individualised health education session for non-responders and usual care for responders, and (2) standard TYB followed by group health education session for non-responders and usual care for responders.
Lastly, an economic evaluation will be carried out to evaluate cost-effectiveness and further impacts of the DiSaB implementation.
