Lobectomy-First vs. Lymphadenectomy-First for Operable NSCLC (LOFTY)

Inclusion Criteria

• •1. Age from 18 to 80 years old;
• •2. The first clinical diagnosis before surgery was non-small cell lung cancer, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and other unknown types;
• •3. Clinical stage T1-2N0-1 (cI-II): Maximum diameter of tumor \<= 5 cm and short diameter of mediastinal lymph node \<= 1cm in thin layer computed tomography (CT);
• •4. The patient's physical condition is able to tolerate lobectomy: (1) Goldman index 0-1; (2) Predicted forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) \>= 40% and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) \>= 40%; (3) Total bilirubin \<= 1.5 upper limit of normal; (4) Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \<= 2.5 upper limit of normal; (5) Creatinine \<= 1.25 upper limit of normal and creatinine clearance rate (CCr) \>= 60 ml/min;
• •5. Performance status of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) = 0-1;
• •6. All relevant examinations were completed within 28 days before the operation;
• •7. Patients who understand this study and have signed an approved Informed Consent.