Peripheral Neurostimulation for Nerve Block Placement

The investigators wish to understand how electrical stimulation can affect local anesthetic disposition when performing a peripheral nerve block. By studying this subject, the investigators open possibilities for improvement on many levels: increasing the efficacy of the nerve block allows for a reduced onset time, reduced incidence of incomplete block and prolonged duration of the local anesthetics. This allows for patients to fully benefit from the analgesic properties of the nerve block, allows for a decrease in delays for the operating room readiness, and a decrease in the amount of medication needed for a successful nerve block. This will decrease side effects and risks of the nerve blocks. Overall better post-surgical pain control may decrease risks for developing chronic post-operative pain, a major post-operative complication. The results of this study will open the door to novel approaches to manage acute post-operative pain.