Post Surgical Multimodal Analgesia With Oral Strong Opioids

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Patients who have not received any or have only received oral potent opioids for no more than 1 day during the postoperative hospitalization period (including those known to be intolerant or allergic to opioid medications).
• •2. Patients who have received or are expected to use long-acting opioid injections within 7 days before surgery or during the postoperative hospitalization period.
• •3. Patients who use patient-controlled analgesics for pain control after surgery.
• •4. Patients with a history of substance abuse or who require continuous treatment with other opioid receptor agonists or antagonists (such as naloxone or methadone).
• •5. Patients with a history of mental illness who continue to require medication control from 28 days before surgery and until discharge.
• •6. Other cases deemed ineligible by the study investigator.