The goal of this observational study is to investigate the usage of spacers and their relationship with symptom severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease elderly patients. A convenience sample was used to recruit patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease aged 65 years or over at thoracic medicine outpatient clinics from a teaching hospital in Taiwan. Research participants were interviewed using structured questionnaires, including demographic characteristics information, clinical characteristics information, and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test.
