Patient Observation With Environmental and Wearable Sensors in Myasthenia Gravis

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue due to defective transmission at the neuromuscular junction. Typically, symptomatic assessments occur during clinical encounters, either as part of routine treatment assessments or in acute situations such as myasthenic crises. However, for a comprehensive understanding of mechanisms in MG and disease activity, continuous monitoring is essential. Utilization of digital biomarkers derived from wearable devices offers unprecedented insights into diseases like MG and allows us to establish correlations between digital measures, clinical scores such as the QMG scale and MGC, as well as various questionnaires addressing sleep quality, quality of life or activities of daily living. Data recorded by the used wearables (Withings Scanwatch 2) cover various parameters including activity-related data (step count, minutes in certain intensity levels), basic cardiovascular measurements such as heart rate, and sleep-related data (total time asleep, sleep quality, etc.). Prospectively, this study aims at improving patient care by gaining a deeper insight into Myasthenia Gravis and its dynamic disease activity while concurrently monitoring the efficacy and safety of treatments, particularly of the newly approved drugs for MG. In the future, wearables might hold the potential to improve treatment processes and optimize therapeutic approaches. For instance, digital biomarkers could serve as early warning signs for phenomena like heightened disease activity or end-of-dose phenomena, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual patient needs.