Studying Glucose and Appetite Response With Alternatives to Soda Pop

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Inability to consume a standard 12 fl. oz. carbonated beverage with or without food within 15 min.
• •2. Extreme dietary habits (e.g., Atkins diet, very high protein, and/or vegan) in the judgment of the Investigator or has been diagnosed with an eating disorder.
• •3. Habitual (e.g., daily) use of fiber supplements or prebiotic supplements within 30 d of visit 1a.
• •4. Known allergy or sensitivity to any of the ingredients in the study products and/or meals provided.
• •5. Weight loss or gain \>4.5 kg within 90 d of visit 1a.
• •6. Currently or planning to be on a weight loss or weight gain/ muscle-building regimen program during the study.
• •7. Use of vitamin C-containing supplements (including multivitamins) within 24 hours of visit 1a and during the study intervention period.
• •8. Shift workers with eating patterns not consistent with the study product consumption schedule.
• •9. History or presence of uncontrolled and/or clinically important endocrine, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal, hematologic, immunologic, dermatologic, rheumatic, and/or biliary conditions that, in the opinion of the Principal Investigator, could interfere with the interpretation of the study results.
• •10. Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg) as defined by the blood pressure measured at visit 1a.
• •11. Gastrointestinal condition that could potentially interfere with absorption of the study product (e.g., inflammatory bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn's or ulcerative colitis), celiac disease, history of gastric bypass surgery).
• •12. Use of oral or injectable steroids (topical and inhaled are allowed) within 90 d of visit 1a.
• •13. Use of products containing salicylic acid (skin-care products are allowed if not used on the area surrounding the CGM sensor) within 24 hours of visit 1a/1b and during the study intervention period. If use occurs during the intervention period (e.g., subject takes an aspirin), details of the use (e.g., time, amount, product) should be documented.
• •14. Unstable use of any prescription medications that affect blood glucose levels, whereby stable is defined as no change in regimen within 90 d prior to visit 1a. Examples include diabetes medications, glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists, medications for anxiety, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and other mental health problems (e.g., clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone), thyroid hormone replacement medications, statins, protease inhibitors, adrenergic receptor blockers, and isotretinoin.
• •15. History or presence of cancer, except non-melanoma skin cancer, within 2 years of visit 1a.
• •16. Exposure to any non-registered drug product or has participated in another intervention study within 30 d prior to visit 1a.
• •17. Signs or symptoms of an active infection of clinical relevance within 5 d of visit 1a. The visit may be rescheduled such that all signs and symptoms have resolved (at the discretion of the Clinical Investigator) at least 5 d prior to visit 1a.
• •18. Recent history (within 12 months of visit 1) of alcohol or substance abuse. Alcohol abuse is defined as \>14 drinks per week (1 drink = 12 oz. beer, 5 oz. wine, or 11⁄2 oz. distilled spirits).
• •19. History of any major trauma or major surgical event within 60 d of visit 1a.
• •20. Female who is pregnant, planning to be pregnant during the study period, lactating, or is of childbearing potential and is unwilling to commit to the use of a medically approved form of contraception throughout the study period. The method of contraception must be recorded in the source document.
• •21. Any condition the Investigator believes would interfere with his ability to provide informed consent, comply with the study protocol, or which might confound the interpretation of the study results or put the person at undue risk.