Galactooligosaccharide and Aging

Exclusion Criteria

• •Use of products marketed as prebiotics, probiotics or synbiotics within 4 weeks prior to study entry (e.g., Yakult, Actimel, Activia, VSL#3, Kefir). Regular cheese or yogurt containing lactic acid bacteria are not an exclusion criterion
• •* Systemic antibiotic or antimycotic treatment 6 weeks prior to study entry.
• •* Following diets likely to affect study outcomes: e.g., low FODMAP, KETO/high-fat, gluten free/coeliac, paleo, weight loss, caloric restriction, low-carb, 5:2/whole day energy restriction, Atkins/high-protein, sugar-free, single-food, juicing/any day of juicing, any other restriction diet (e.g. very low calorie), or vegan diets (GOS is derived from cow's milk)
• •* Meeting physical activity guidelines for older adults:
• •Activities that improve strength, flexibility and balance at least two days per week
• •At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity, or 75 minutes of vigorous activity
• •* Body mass loss of ≥ 5% in preceding 6 months
• •* History of injury or surgery that would affect physical ability to undertake physical tests
• •* History of gastrointestinal disease (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome)