The Effectiveness of Local Dry Cold, Hot and Vibration Applications in Peripheral Intravenous Catheterization

Inclusion Criteria

• •Being in accordance with time and place
• •Being aged between 18 and 65 years
• •Being able to evaluate the visual analog scale correctly
• •Participating voluntarily in the research.
• •Having a vision or hearing problem
• •Having a mastectomy
• •Having any illness which could affect pain perception, such as sensory-motor disorder, diabetes, peripheral vascular diseases or peripheral neuropathy
• •Having an allergy to heat and cold application
• •Having phlebitis, scar tissue, dermatitis, an incision or findings of infection at the place where the intervention was to be performed
• •Having taken an analgesic (within the previous six hours) or an anesthetic agent before the peripheral intravenous catheterization procedure