New Digital Person-based Care Model in Patients With HER2-negative Advanced Breast Cancer

In recent years, the health care system has undergone significant changes that have led to the emergence of a person-centered medicine paradigm. In this new scenario, outcomes of care pathways are evaluated not only on the basis of clinical outcomes but also in terms of the impact on patients' quality of life. Due to therapeutic advances, it therefore becomes increasingly necessary to adopt integrated, empathic and person-centered clinical approaches that also take into account patients' needs and expectations for care. New measurement tools that assess also the patient's perspective have been introduced into clinical practice. Among these new tools are Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), aimed at determining patients' perceived quality of life during treatment and follow-up. Systematic collection of patient-reported outcomes has indeed been proven to be a valid, reliable, and accurate methodology in oncology, both for assessing treatment outcomes and monitoring drug toxicity, and for avoiding all those cases where impacts and symptoms are overlooked or underestimated by clinicians. However, currently approved and standardized questionnaires do not comprehensively inform clinicians about how the disease and treatments affect the patient's care pathway. In this context, narrative medicine, on the other hand, has proven to be a valid and reliable methodology capable of integrating the patient's perspective into standard clinical assessment. Qualitative narrative medicine methodologies have been recognized as useful and effective to the extent that they allow clinicians to access the existential and emotional components of patients' experience of care, and for their ability to enrich the information expressed in standardized questionnaires. Narrative methodologies thus make it possible to capture perceptions of quality of life, and thus to capture a highly subjective dimension influenced by each individual's needs and expectations (e.g., relative deprivation). Narrative medicine has also been shown to be feasible and reliable in improving doctor-patient communication and promoting bio-psycho-social personalization of the care pathway, particularly when used in combination with digital listening tools, such as the digital narrative diary. Studies on digital narrative medicine in oncology have shown the potential of digital platforms in promoting listening to patient needs, especially when listening is done by a multidisciplinary care team throughout the care pathway. It has also been seen how digital has a positive impact not only on the patient but also, more broadly, on the entire care team. The transition from a traditional, disease-centered model of care to a new, more person-centered model of care has since led to the introduction of integrative medicine in cancer treatment centers. Through the rational and evidence-based use of lifestyle, psychological support, and complementary therapies, integrative medicine promotes better control of side effects, greater adherence to treatment protocols, and optimization of patients' quality of life throughout the care pathway. In the case of breast cancer, integrative oncology combines conventional cancer treatments with integrative therapies in order to support women in their bio-psycho-social dimensions, thus providing effective and minimally invasive responses to complex and sometimes unmet health needs.