Brain Effect Mechanism of Spinal Manipulative Therapy on LDH Analgesia Based on Multimodal MRI

Exclusion Criteria

• •Patients with concurrent internal medicine or gynecological conditions known to cause lower back pain, such as nephritis, urinary stones, gynecological inflammations, and uterine abnormalities.
• •Individuals with severe primary diseases impacting the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, liver, or kidney systems.
• •Those with neurogenic functional disorders, psychiatric conditions, a history of significant head trauma, or a history of unconsciousness.
• •Individuals diagnosed with primary sciatica or dry sciatica.
• •Those with lumbar spondylolisthesis.
• •Patients suffering from lumbar tumors or tuberculosis.
• •Individuals with severe osteoporosis or localized skin lesions in the lumbar area.
• •Patients experiencing painful conditions beyond the lumbar region.
• •Those with diseases characterized by structural changes in the brain.
• •Individuals with impaired consciousness, severe visual or hearing impairments, speech disorders, or others who are unable to complete health assessments.
• •Individuals with dental implants, metal stents, or other elements that may compromise MRI imaging.
• •Those with a fear of MRI or other reasons that prevent undergoing MRI scans.
• •Patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation but who are asymptomatic.