nVNS for the Prevention and Treatment of Primary Headache

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. History of secondary headache, aneurysm, intracranial hemorrhage, brain tumor, severe head trauma, drug abuse, addiction, syncope, or seizures;
• •2. prior migraine-preventive surgery, cervical vagotomy, or implantation of an electronic or neurostimulator device;
• •3. Simultaneous use of other devices (e.g., TENS devices, muscle stimulators);
• •4. An implantable medical device in use, such as a pacemaker, hearing aid, or any implantable electronic device;
• •5. underwent head and neck nerve block within the past 2 months;
• •6. Opioid use (more than 2 days per month); Use of analgesics alone or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (more than 15 days per month); Or tamoxifen, ergots or combination analgesics (more than 10 days per month);
• •7. Patients who underwent cervical vagotomy (cervical vagotomy);
• •8. Pediatric patients (under 6 years old); Pregnant women;
• •9. Patients with clinically significant hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia or tachycardia;
• •10. Patients with congenital heart disease;
• •11. Mental/cognitive disorders, etc.