Intestinal Microbiota Profiling in Severe Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis Patients

Exclusion Criteria

• •Age \< 18 years and/or \> 75 years,
• •Pregnancy or lactating females,
• •No personal consent
• •Other causes of liver disease: chronic hepatitis B (antigen HBs positive), hepatitis C (HCV RNA positive), acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, biliary obstruction, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, primary sclerosis cholangitis, alpha 1 antitrypsine deficiency, and Wilson disease.
• •Uncontrolled liver complications:
• •Upper gastrointestinal bleed by portal hypertension (4 days required for stable condition)
• •Active sepsis (4 days required for stable condition)
• •Patient currently treated by antibiotic
• •Concomitant Liver cancer (HCC) or extrahepatic malignancy
• •Type 1 hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) or renal failure defined as a serum creatinine \>221 μmol/L (\>2.5 mg/dL) or the requirement for renal replacement therapy
• •Grade 4 Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) by West Haven criteria
• •Individuals dependent on inotropic (eg, epinephrine or norepinephrine) or ventilatory support (ie, endotracheal intubation or positive-pressure ventilation)
• •Disseminated intravascular coagulation
• •Intestinal paralysis
• •History of liver transplantation
• •Other general diseases or severe conditions:
• •HIV disease
• •Intestinal paralysis
• •Intestinal inflammatory disease (Crohn or Ulcerative colitis)
• •Clostridium difficilae infection
• •Clinical suspicion of pneumonia
• •Uncontrolled sepsis
• •Acute Alcoholic pancreatitis
• •Noncontrolled alcohol withdrawal syndrome
• •Cardiac or respiratory bad conditions