Enhancing Modulation Effects of Baduanjin Through Neuromodulation for Knee OA

Exclusion Criteria

• •Has performed BDJ, Tai Chi, Yoga, other mind-body intervention, physical therapy, or routine exercise (running, cycling, etc.) regularly in the past year
• •Serious medical conditions limiting ability of patient to participate in the study, such as symptomatic cardiovascular disease, symptomatic pulmonary disease requiring supplemental oxygen, uncontrolled metabolic diseases, severe renal and liver disease
• •Has had intra-articular steroid injections or reconstructive surgery in the prior 3 months on the affected knee; any intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections in the previous 6 months
• •Patient Mini-Mental Status Examination score below 24 \[293\]
• •Unable to walk without a cane or other assistive device
• •The intent to undergo surgery during the time of involvement in the study
• •Plan to permanently relocate from the region during the trial period