Type of the study: retrospective clinical study
* Study Setting: Qena University Hospital 3- Study subjects:
a. Inclusion criteria: all patients performing JJ stent placement during Covid 19 pandemics b. Exclusion criteria: Patients refuse to participate in this study c. Sample Size Calculation: all patients performing JJ stent placement from March 2020 to December 2021
* Study tools (in detail, e.g., lab methods, instruments, steps, chemicals, …):
* Medical history
* Complete physical examination.
* All patents presented was investigated by
1. Abdominal U.S
2. Plain X Ray
3. Non contrast CT
4. Serum Creatinine
5. Urine Analysis
* Research outcome measures:
1. Primary (main): determine effect of urological malpractice during Covid 19 on patient complications
2. Secondary (subsidiary): determine JJ stent complications during Covid 19 pandemics
