Determining Cost of Explant of Neurmodulation Device Due to Infection

Design: Retrospective chart and electronic record review of all explants due to infection with cost analysis up to re-implantation. Methods: Based on a database there are approximately N=18-20 infections over 7 years with adequate data to determine the overall cost of explant due to infection. The data to be collected will include: hospital admission, surgical time, blood tests, swabs, antibiotic therapy, additional outpatient visits, cost of re-implantation. These can be collected from electronic patient records (EPR). The cost of individual patient admissions will be obtained from the account services at Guys and St Thomas's and sent in a password protected database. The site of infection will also be recorded and this can be obtained from the operative note. A study by Hayek and colleagues have indicated only 10% of infections are at the lead site and the majority are at the IPG site. Another review by Follet and colleagues have indicated only 54% of infections are at the IPG site, 17% at the lead site and the others not clearly determined. For this reason, there will need to be a range of costs based on the confirmed and the indeterminate sites of infection. The main focus of this paper will be on IPG infections since TYRX is only used at the IPG site. Economic metrics will also be taken into consideration which have been described in the UK as some patients for technical reasons cannot be re-implanted with SCS systems after infection. The cost effectiveness of this therapy is essentially lost in these patients forever. The time proceeding to re-implantation can also be reviewed and incorporated. There was an NIHR review of cost analysis of these systems published in the UK that can be used for this. Specifically the cost of SCS and conventional medical management (CMM) is £3440 in year one of these devices and CMM alone is £6936.