The chromosomal instability (CIN) pathway, the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) pathway and the microsatellite instability (MSI) pathway are three major carcinogenesis pathways to colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, the investigators aimed to investigate distinctive molecular features of carcinogenesis pathways among healthy control, colorectal adenoma, and CRC and compare their molecular progression according to patients' sex and tumor location as well as disease stage.
