Inspiratory and Calf Muscles Training in Patients With Leg Lymphedema

Lymphedema is a chronic, progressive disease that occurs with the accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the interstitial tissue spaces as a result of abnormal development or damage to the lymphatic system. Exercise is one of the components of Complex Relief Physiotherapy, which is used as the gold standard in the treatment of lymphedema. exercises put pressure on lymphatic vessels with rhythmic contraction and relaxation of muscle groups. Thus, smooth muscle contraction in the lymphatic vessels is triggered. The transport of lymph fluid is possible with the activation of the muscles that provide the movement of the skin. It has been shown that strengthening the calf muscle with exercise can improve the pumping function, increase the average peak torque of the muscle, decrease the severity of the disease, increase the ankle joint movement, increase the calf muscle endurance and improve the quality of life. The pump power of the inspiratory muscles is also important in the lymph circulation, as well as in the venous circulation. This study will include 45 patients who volunteered to participate in the study, who were treated at Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Health Sciences and Gerontology Research and Application Center from October 2022 to October 2023. Lymphedema Quality of Life Scale for Evaluation (LYQOL) Lower Extremity Perimeter Measurement Numerical Rating Scale . 6 Minute Walk Test. Tissue Dielectric Constant (TDC) will be used. Participants will be randomly divided into 4 groups. Only compression therapy(CT) will be given to the 1st group, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in addition to the compression therapy to the 2nd group, and Calf muscle exercise training to the 3rd group in addition to CT. CT will be applied to the patients in all four groups for 45-60 minutes a day, 6 days a week, for 4 weeks. Patients in the other 2 groups will participate in an exercise program for 4 weeks, 4 days a week, in addition to CT. The power analysis will be calculated based on the 5% margin of error, 95% confidence level, using the Raosoft sample size and the clinically significant minimum difference of LYMQOL, one of the primary measurement tools.