This study is a prospective cohort study focusing on the first-degree relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Multiple methods including the neuropsychiatric assessment battery, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluid biomarkers (blood and urine) are used to estimate the longitudinal changes of the participants at high risk of AD. Besides, a structured questionnaire is designed to investigate how environmental, behavioral and other factors influence the incidence of AD. This study is of great significance in establishing novel guidelines for the prevention and treatment of dementia suitable for Chinese population, and for clinicians to predict the risk of AD in first-degree relatives.