The Utility of the Validated Intraoperative Bleeding Scale in Spine Surgery

Primary Aim: Assess the association between the VIBe scale and intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion rates for posterior thoracolumbar spine surgery. Primary Hypothesis: Patients with higher recorded VIBe grades during the five stages of spine surgery (exposure, decompression, instrumentation, fusion, and closing) will have a higher rate of receiving blood transfusions. Secondary Aims: Determine the association between the VIBe scale and other postoperative outcomes and complications.