Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Programmed Cell Death - Ligand 1 in Breast Cancer

This is a retrospective and prospective study in patients with Primary Breast cancer at Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI). This is a time-bound study, where we include all patients treated between January 2016 and December 2021 who meet the inclusion criteria. We screened out approximately 2000 patients treated over this period, of which about 1000 had met inclusion criteria. The electronic and physical records of all breast cancer patients maintained in Hospital Information System and Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery at SGPGI have been screened to identify all appropriate cases and their clinical data were reviewed. The cohort of patients who met the inclusion criteria was identified from the screened data. The paraffin blocks of pre-therapeutic core biopsies/ surgical specimens of the study subjects were retrieved and the same from prospective study subjects were included. Existing data on Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for ER (Estrogen Receptor), PR (Progesterone Receptor), Her 2 neu (Human epidermal growth factor receptor) was tabulated to identify TNBC cohort. Hematoxylin \& Eosin stained histological slides were reviewed by one set of pathologists for semi quantification of TILs. TILs have been analyzed both as continuous parameters and in three predefined groups of Low: 0-10%; Intermediate:11 - 59 % and high: ≥ 60 % stromal TILs. In patients with TNBC, the paraffin blocks were retrieved and PD-L1 expression was assessed by IHC. At this point in time, the recruitment of subjects and semi-quantification of TILs and PDL-1 were over and the analysis/correlation part is yet to be done. In all study subjects, the concentration of TILs will be correlated with the clinicopathological outcome (treatment response, overall survival, disease-free survival ) and this association will be compared between intrinsic subtypes based on IHC. In patients treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NACT), correlation of TILs with response to NACT (pathologic complete response, partial/static/progression) will be done. Correlation of PDL-1 expression with outcomes (overall survival, disease-free survival) and with response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (pathologic complete response, partial/static/progression) in patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer will be done. The study information obtained will be statistically analyzed to identify the significance of the aforementioned correlations.