Effects of Daily Beef Intake, as a Component of a Heart-Healthy Diet on Cellular Zinc

Exclusion Criteria

• •Self-reported use of daily anticoagulation agents including aspirin, NSAIDs
• •Prescribed metaformin, statins or medications known to interfere with zinc, protein, or lipid metabolism
• •Vegan, Vegetarians, food faddists or those consuming a non-traditional diet (e.g. Adkins, Keto, Paleo, etc.)
• •Fruit consumption ≥ 3 cups/day
• •Regular consumption of strawberries (2-3 servings/week)
• •Vegetable consumption ≥ 4 cups/day
• •Coffee/tea ≥ 3 cups/day
• •Dark chocolate ≥ 3 oz/day
• •Alcohol intake greater than 2 drinks in a day for men, or 1 drink in a day for women.
• •Self-reported restriction of physical activity due to a chronic health condition
• •Self-reported chronic/routine high intensity exercise
• •Self-reported diabetes
• •Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg
• •Self-reported renal or liver disease
• •Self-reported heart disease, which includes cardiovascular events and stroke
• •Peripheral artery disease Raynaud's syndrome or disease
• •Inability to properly place or wear the PAT probes or abnormal measurements on pre-screening PAT
• •Self-reported cancer within past 5 years
• •Self-reported malabsorption
• •Unwillingness to stop any supplement use six weeks prior to study initiation, including multivitamin/mineral, powders, herbal, plant or botanical, pro- and prebiotics, and oil supplements.
• •Smoking, vaping, cannabis use
• •Current enrollee in a clinical research study.