Photodynamic Therapy for COVID-19 Prevention

There is a wide variety of people who test positive for SARS-CoV-2. This is directly dependent upon their exposure to the virus, their age and any medical comorbidities that they may have. At this time, it is not possible to predict who will have an adequate immune response to avoid getting COVID-19. Since this remains unpredictable a universal approach to treating SARS-CoV-2 positive patients may be the optimal approach. The rational for this study design is that in a real world setting numerous patients across a wide variety of conditions will receive testing for SARS-CoV-2 for a variety of reasons. For those who test positive and are asymptomatic or have only mild symptoms, the current standard of care is observation and quarantine. The incubation period can range from 2-14 days with a mean of 5-6 days. Depending upon an individual's original inoculum of virus, comorbidities and other factors they may progress to COVID-19. Preemptive treatment during this time frame may avoid or mitigate COVID-19 disease severity. In certain high-risk individuals attenuating the disease may avoid hospitalization or death, ICU admission and shorten hospital stays. The nasal disinfection process rapidly and lethally disrupts the microbial cell wall, leaving human tissue unharmed. The topically applied photosensitizer formulation selectively stains bacteria by binding with microbial cell wall components. The red light is absorbed by the photosensitizer molecules, causing electronic state transitions within the photosensitizer. The excited photosensitizer immediately transfers energy to surrounding molecular oxygen, thereby producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are responsible for the lethal cell wall disruption.