Ethical and institutional permissions were obtained before starting to collect the data. Written consent will be obtained from all parents via a voluntary consent form. Preterm newborns will be randomly selected into 5 groups.
* Group 1 (Control Group); Wrapping+breastmilk, wrapping+sucrose, fetal position+sucrose and fetal position+breastmilk methods were not applied to preterms in the routine care group. However, in order to be an ethical practice and to provide ethical standard care intervention, verbal relaxation and soft touch applications were applied by the researcher in the procedure.
* Group 2 (Wrapping + Breastmilk Group); Preterm newborns will be wrapped by the researcher 10 minutes before OGT insertion. Then, 2 ml of breast milk will be given by the researcher with a sterile syringe 2 minutes before the OGT insertion to the same newborn. Breast milk will be given slowly into the mouth of the preterm newborn, on the upper part of the tongue, through an injector. Preterm newborns will be recorded with a video camera for 10 minutes before the procedure and for 5 minutes during and after the procedure. Then, using video recordings, the pain and comfort of newborns will be evaluated at the 1st minute before the procedure, at the 1st minute and 2nd minute (4 measurements) during and after the procedure.
* Group 3 (Wrapping + Oral Sucrose Group); Preterm newborns will be wrapped by the researcher 10 minutes before OGT insertion. Then, 2 ml of 20% oral sucrose will be given to the same newborn by the researcher with a sterile syringe 2 minutes before OGT insertion. Oral sucrose will be slowly introduced into the mouth of the preterm newborn on the upper part of the tongue through an injector. Preterm newborns will be recorded with a video camera for 10 minutes before the procedure and for 5 minutes during and after the procedure. Then, using video recordings, the pain and comfort of newborns will be evaluated at 1 minute before the procedure, during and after the procedure at 1 minute and 2 minutes (4 measurements).
* Group 4 (Fetal Position + Breastmilk Group); The fetal position will be given to the preterm newborn immediately after 2 ml of breast milk is given by the researcher 3 minutes before OGT insertion. Breast milk will be given slowly into the mouth of the preterm newborn, on the upper part of the tongue, through an injector. The preterm newborn will remain in the fetal position for 5 minutes during and after the procedure. Newborns will be recorded with a video camera before, during and after the procedure. Then, using video recordings, the pain and comfort of newborns will be evaluated at the 1st minute before the procedure, at the 1st minute and 2nd minute (4 measurements) during and after the procedure.
* Group 5 (Fetal Position + Oral Sucrose Group); The fetal position will be given to the preterm newborn immediately after 2 ml of oral sucrose is given by the researcher 3 minutes before OGT insertion. Oral sucrose will be slowly injected into the mouth of the preterm newborn on the upper part of the tongue by means of an injector. At the end of the 3rd minute, the clinic nurse will insert the OGT as part of the treatment. The preterm newborn will remain in the fetal position for 5 minutes during and after the procedure.
Newborns will be recorded with a video camera before, during and after the procedure. Then, using video recordings, the pain and comfort of newborns will be evaluated at the 1st minute before the procedure, at the 1st minute and 2nd minute (4 measurements) during and after the procedure.
Hypotheses (H1) There is a significant difference between the methods applied in the OGT insertion procedure (wrapping+breastmilk, wrapping+sucrose, fetal position+sucrose and fetal position+breastmilk) in terms of heart rate in preterms.
There is a significant difference between the methods applied in the (H2) OGT insertion procedure in terms of oxygen saturation of preterms.
(H3) There is a significant difference between the methods applied in the OGT insertion procedure in terms of the estimated pain score of preterms.
(H4) There is a significant difference between the methods applied in the OGT insertion procedure in terms of the estimated distress score of preterms.
(H5) There is a significant difference between the methods applied in the OGT insertion procedure in terms of the comfort level of preterms.
(H6) There is a significant difference between the methods applied in the OGT insertion procedure in terms of the mean of preterm pain in preterms.
