Effects of PSAPs on Speech Processing

Exclusion Criteria

• •Mother tongue not English
• •Language impairment
• •Dementia
• •Cerebrovascular diseases
• •Untreated vision impairment;
• •Tinnitus and otologic disorders
• •Cochlear implant
• •History of prior hearing aid use
• •Diagnosed addiction (alcohol or drugs)
• •Significant medical or neurocognitive conditions or interventions likely to significantly impact cognitive function (e.g., epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury with loss of consciousness \> 5 minutes, brain tumor, multiple sclerosis, hepatitis C, developmental delay, electroconvulsive therapy)
• •a diagnosis (based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)) of major depressive disorder with active symptoms within 90 days of study entry, past or present psychosis, or other psychiatric disorders such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and bipolar disorder