Evaluation of Semi-rigid and Flexible Catheters for Less Invasive Surfactant Administration in Preterm Infants

Exclusion Criteria

• •Refusal to participate in study or not providing written informed consent by caregivers/parents
• •Treating physician decides to use different route of surfactant administration or does not adhere to LISA protocol.
• •Rupture of membranes (ROM) at less than 22 weeks of gestation or more than 6 weeks before birth
• •Estimated birth weight \< 3rd percentile using 2013 Fenton growth trajectories
• •Twins with feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS) and FFTS being the cause of premature delivery
• •Contraindications listed in the LISAcath® or Nasogastric Tube manual (esophageal/pharyngeal varices or other vascular lesions, esophageal/pharyngeal tumor, nasal fracture, skull fracture, known allergy to material)