The Development and Validation of the Arabic Otago Exercise Program

* Research ethics: This study got the ethics approval from the IRB at Jordan University Hospital at University of Jordan. A consent form that contains the study procedures will be prepared and signed from all participants. To insure the privacy of participants, every older adult will be assigned a study identification number. All results will be stored in a locked cabinet/computer only accessible by the researchers. * Participants: Data will be collected prospectively from older adults in Jordan. Older adults will be approached to complete the program via Jordan University Hospital, community based organizations (e.g. Help-Age International Jordan) and social media platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp. Design: Phase 1: Translation and cultural adaptation of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) into the Arabic language. * The permission of translating the program will be granted from its developers. * English version of the program will be translated into the Arabic language in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) forward/backward translation protocol (https://www.who.int/substance\_abuse/research\_tools/translation/en/ ). * An Arabic booklet of the OEP will be prepared. Phase 2: Assessing feasibility of the OEP on a pilot sample of Arabic-speaking older adults using a focus group and a pilot Trial. * The Arabic version of the OEP will be sent to an expert panel for review. Suggested changes will be considered and made. * The Arabic version of the OEP will be sent to 2 groups that consist of 5 older adults each. They will be given sufficient time to go through the exercise manual before being invited to a focus group meeting to discuss the Arabic wording and feasibility of the Arabic version of the OEP. * A topic guide will be prepared to assess the feasibility and user-friendliness of the Arabic OEP manual. * The meeting will be recorded after taking their permission and the recording will be transcribed and analyzed. * If there are major changes to the program, the experts will meet to make the appropriate changes and another focus group will be conducted. * The final version of the Arabic OEP will be implemented for 8 weeks on a pilot sample of Arabic speaking older adults using a controlled design with 10 older adults in the treatment group and 10 older adults in the control group.