Implant Supported Single Crowns With Different Retention Modes

Exclusion Criteria

• •age 18 to 99 years
• •Good periodontal status: BOP \< 20%, PI \< 30%, no PD \> 4mm
• •No heavy smokers (\< 10 cigarettes/day)
• •at least 1 missing tooth in the premolar and molar region (with at least a mesial neighboring tooth/implant showing adequate hard- and soft tissue situation without the need of crestal hard- or soft tissue augmentation) either in the maxilla or in the mandible requiring implant therapy for reconstruction, requiring sinus floor augmentation or not.
• •Insufficient bone volume for implant placement requiring GBR (guided bone regeneration) procedure in crestal area.
• •Heavy Smokers (\>10 cigarettes/day)
• •Medication with a contraindication for implant therapy (especially antiresorptive therapy, ongoing or recently completed local radiotherapy, systematic diseases, ongoing immunosuppressive therapy, functional disorders like Bruxism).
• •Skeletal immaturity.
• •Any active malignancy or ongoing treatment for malignancy.
• •An active infection (e.g. caries, gingivitis, periodontitis) at or in the neighboring area of the operative site.
• •Pregnancy
• •unable or unwilling to return for follow-up visits for a period of at least 16 months