Lead Sponsor

The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston

Collaborators

Age

65 - No limit years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

•self-report of Lower back pain (LBP)
•LBP in the past 3 months with an average rating of at least 30 on a 0 - 100 NRS for pain
•intact cognition
•no plans to change their pain medication regimens during the study time
•can read and understand English
•can travel to the study center
•agree to sign an informed consent

•deaf or have severe hearing loss
•pregnant or lactating
•have an implantable pain-reducing device
•history of hospitalization within the preceding year for psychiatric illness
•diagnosis of Raynaud's disease
•have a functional limitation that requires the use of an ambulatory aid such as a cane, walker, or wheelchair
•history of brain surgery, brain tumor, or stroke
•severe depression (PROMIS Depression T-score ≥ 70) (Kroenke et al., 2020)
•severe anxiety (PROMIS Anxiety ≥ 70) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013)
•Mini-Mental State Examination score less than 24 (Creavin, Wisniewski, Noel-Storr, et al., 2016)