Metformin as an Adjunctive Therapy to Catheter Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation

Exclusion Criteria

• •Individuals who are already taking metformin or other antidiabetic medications, including insulin
• •Known diabetes
• •Known allergy or Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-labeled contraindication to taking metformin (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)\<30 millilitres per minute (mL/min)/1.73 square meters (m2), hypersensitivity to metformin, acute or chronic metabolic acidosis)
• •Patients taking carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
• •eGFR below 30 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or other clinical diagnosis of advanced renal disease
• •Acute or chronic metabolic acidosis (serum bicarbonate \<22 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L))
• •History of significant alcohol use (\>2 drinks/day on average)
• •History of hepatic dysfunction (serum bilirubin 1.5 times greater than ULN)
• •History of New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV heart failure
• •Pregnancy or nursing