In the first phase, a cross-sectional design will be used to explore both subjective and objective cognitive functions under different cancer treatment trajectories of CRC and their related factors. Additionally, a risk prediction model for mild cognitive impairment will be developed by examining the effects of surgery and chemotherapy on cancer-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) , with the aim of identifying high-risk populations. A qualitative design will be employed to understand the disturbances and coping processes caused by CICI from the patient's perspective. A longitudinal design will be used to examine the effects of surgery and chemotherapy on cognitive function. In the second phase, we will develop a dual-task walking training program and use a randomized controlled trial to test its effect on improving cognitive function (memory, executive function, and attention) in CRC patients.
